Thanks for the great info!
When I was looking at my hubs and modified front brake rotors, it appears that the stud holes in the rotors are a few mm bigger than the stud diameter, so it doesn't matter if the knurl/shoulder length is longer than the hub thickness, because it will still fit into the rotor holes if it protrudes beyond the hub. Does that make sense? Let me know if I might be missing something.
I'm most interested in your comment about 14.48mm knurl diameter not pulling into the hub easily.
Do you think 14.34mm would still be too difficult? That's the knurl diameter of Dorman 610-460, my second option. If that would still be too difficult, I'll have to persist in searching for something with about 14.17-14.2mm knurl diameter.